Uwu ndiye mkhalidwe waudani, wodabwitsa wa anthu aku Russia akumenyana ndi Ukraine komanso wina ndi mnzake. Pamene ulamuliro wa Pulezidenti wa ku Russia Vladimir Putin ukulimbana ndi otsutsa nkhondo ndi anthu ena otsutsana ndi ndale, nzika zikugwirana ntchito apolisi m’zaka zamdima kwambiri za kuponderezedwa kwa a Joseph Stalin, zomwe zimayambitsa kufufuza, milandu, kuimbidwa mlandu komanso kuchotsedwa ntchito.
Zokambirana zachinsinsi m’malesitilanti ndi m’magalimoto a njanji ndi masewera abwino kwa omvera, omwe amatcha apolisi kuti amange “achiwembu” ndi “adani”. Zolemba zapa social media, ndi mauthenga – ngakhale m’magulu ochezera achinsinsi – amakhala umboni wosatsutsika womwe ungayambitse kugogoda pakhomo ndi othandizira a Federal Security Service a FSB.
Zotsatira zake ndizovuta, ndi zidzudzulo zolimbikitsidwa kwambiri ndi boma komanso nkhani za kumangidwa ndi kuimbidwa milandu zomwe zimakulitsidwa ndi owonetsa ndemanga pamawayilesi apawailesi yakanema ndi njira za Telegraph. M’mwezi wa Marichi chaka chatha, a Putin adapempha dzikolo kuti lidziyeretse polavula achiwembu “ngati ntchentche”. Kuyambira pamenepo wapereka machenjezo amdima mobwerezabwereza okhudza adani amkati, ponena kuti Russia ikumenyera nkhondo kuti ipulumuke.
Chiyambireni kuwukiraku, anthu osachepera 19,718 amangidwa chifukwa chotsutsa nkhondoyi, malinga ndi gulu la omenyera ufulu walamulo la OVD-Info, milandu yachigawenga idayambika kwa anthu 584, ndipo milandu yoyang’anira ikupitilira 6,839. Ena ambiri adachita mantha kapena kuzunzidwa ndi akuluakulu aboma, kuchotsedwa ntchito, kapena abale awo adawatsata, bungweli lidatero. Malinga ndi bungwe loona za ufulu wa Chikumbutso, pali akaidi a ndale okwana 558 omwe akumangidwa ku Russia.
“Kudzudzula kumeneku ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za ulamuliro wankhanza, pamene anthu amvetsetsa zomwe zili zabwino – kuchokera kwa pulezidenti – ndi zoipa, kotero kuti ‘Ndani akutsutsana nafe ayenera kuimbidwa mlandu,” adatero Andrei Kolesnikov. katswiri wa ndale wochokera ku Moscow ndi bungwe la Carnegie Endowment for International Peace yemwe, mofanana ndi anthu ambiri a ku Russia, adasankhidwa kukhala “othandizira” ndi akuluakulu aboma.
Kolesnikov akufotokoza kuti boma la Putin likuchulukirachulukira “koma lili ndi zinthu zankhanza,” ndipo akuneneratu zaka zovuta zikubwerazi. “Ndikukhulupirira kuti sadzabwereranso,” adatero, ponena za Putin. “Sali wamisala m’zachipatala koma ndi wopenga pazandale, ngati wolamulira wankhanza aliyense.”
Kuchuluka kwa zidzudzulo kwapangitsa kuti malo a anthu akhale owopsa. Makalasi ali m’gulu la zinthu zowopsa kwambiri, makamaka m’kalasi ya Lolemba m’mawa yovomerezeka ndi boma, “Kukambitsirana zinthu zofunika,” aphunzitsi akamaphunzitsa ophunzira zankhondo yaku Ukraine, malingaliro ankhondo aku Russia pa mbiri yakale, ndi mitu ina yokhazikitsidwa ndi boma.
Nditadya chakudya chamasana ndi anzanga m’lesitilanti ya ku Moscow mwezi uno, mnzanga wina anafunsa woperekera zakudya mwachidwi ngati malo odyerawo anali ndi makamera. Zinatero.
Mu ofesi, popanda munthu wina aliyense m’chipindamo, bwenzi lina linangotsala pang’ono kumveketsa malingaliro ake odana ndi nkhondo, maso akuthamanga mwamantha.
Pamene gulu lakale la ophunzira a chinenero linasonkhana pamodzi ndi mphunzitsi wawo wopuma pantchito posachedwapa kukumananso kwapachaka, onse anali ankhawa, akufufuzana mosamalitsa maganizo a wina ndi mnzake, asanazindikire pang’onopang’ono kuti aliyense amadana ndi nkhondoyo, kotero kuti akanatha kulankhula momasuka, anatero Muscovite wachibale wa mphunzitsiyo. .
Apolisi m’mayendedwe apansi panthaka ku Moscow akhala otanganidwa kuthamangitsa malipoti, mothandizidwa ndi dongosolo lamphamvu lozindikiritsa nkhope.
Kamilla Murashova, namwino wa pachipatala cha ana, anamangidwa mu njanji yapansi panthaka pa Meyi 14 munthu wina atajambula chithunzi cha baji yosonyeza mitundu ya buluu ndi yachikasu ya mbendera ya ku Ukraine pa chikwama chake ndikumufotokozera. Murashova anaimbidwa mlandu wonyoza asilikali.
Woyang’anira malonda wazaka 40, Yuri Samoilov, anali atakwera njanji yapansi panthaka pa Marichi 17 pomwe mnzawo adawona chithunzi cha foni yake, chizindikiro cha gulu lankhondo laku Ukraine la Azov, ndikumuuza. Samoilov anaimbidwa mlandu wosonyeza zinthu zoopsa “kwa anthu opanda malire,” malinga ndi zikalata za khoti.
Mu nthawi ya Soviet, panali mawu odetsa nkhawa okhudza nzika anzawo: stuchat, kutanthauza kugogoda, kudzutsa maganizo a nzika yachinyengo ikugogoda pakhomo la wapolisi kuti apereke lipoti. Kulankhula kwachidule kusonyeza “Samalani, makoma ali ndi makutu,” kunali kugogoda mwakachetechete.
Ku Russia wamasiku ano, malipoti ambiri akuwoneka kuti amapangidwa ndi “okonda dziko” omwe amadziona ngati osamalira dziko lawo, malinga ndi Alexandra Arkhipov, katswiri wa zachikhalidwe cha anthu yemwe akulemba kafukufuku wa nkhaniyi – atadzidzudzula chaka chatha, chifukwa cha ndemanga zomwe adalemba. idapangidwa pa kanema wawayilesi waku Netherlands wodziyimira pawokha waku Russia Dozhd.
Arkhipov ndi anzake ofufuza apeza milandu yoposa 5,500 yotsutsa.
Mwachitsanzo, mayi wina wa ku St. Petersburg, wotchulidwa m’zikalata za apolisi kuti ndi E. P Kalacheva, ankaganiza kuti akuteteza mwana wake kuti “asamawononge makhalidwe abwino” pamene ananena kuti pafupi ndi malo osewerera nyumba za anthu a ku Ukraine anawonongedwa ndi asilikali a ku Russia, mawu akuti, “ Ndi ana?” Chifukwa cha zimenezi, wophunzira wina wa ku yunivesite wa chaka chachitatu anaimbidwa mlandu wonyoza asilikali.
Arkhipova adati iye ndi anzake angapo aku yunivesite onse adanenedwa ndi imelo yomwe idadziwika kuti ndi ya Anna Vasilyevna Korobkova – kotero adatumiza imelo adilesi. Munthu amene ankadzitchula kuti ndi Korobkova ananena kuti ndi mdzukulu wa munthu wina wodziwa za KGB wa nthawi ya Soviet Union, yemwe ankathera nthawi yambiri akulemba zidzudzulo. Ananenanso kuti amatsatira mapazi ake.
Korobkova sanapereke umboni woti ndi ndani atalumikizidwa pa imelo ndi The Washington Post, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti zikhale zosatheka kutsimikizira nkhani yake.
Wolemba maimelo adati ndi mayi wosakwatiwa, wazaka 37, wokhala mumzinda waukulu waku Russia, yemwe adayamba kulemba zidzudzulo zambiri za anthu otsutsa ku Russia chaka chatha. Ananenanso kuti adatumiza malipoti 1,046 ku FSB okhudza otsutsa omwe adapereka ndemanga pazofalitsa zodziyimira pawokha zomwe zidatsekedwa ku Russia kuyambira pomwe nkhondo idayamba mpaka Meyi 23 – pafupifupi zidzudzulo ziwiri patsiku.
“M’mafunso aliwonse ndimayang’ana zizindikiro zamilandu – kudzipereka mwaufulu ndikugawa zidziwitso zabodza zokhudzana ndi ntchito za Gulu Lankhondo la Russia,” adatero. “Ngati POW ikunena, mwachitsanzo, kuti adadzipereka mwaufulu, ndiye kuti ndimalemba zidzudzulo ziwiri pa iye – ku FSB ndi ku ofesi ya woimira boma pa milandu. Adadzitamandira kuti kutsutsidwa kwake kudapangitsa kuti gulu lakale kwambiri laufulu wa anthu ku Russia, Moscow Helsinki Group, lithe mu Januware.
“Nthawi zambiri, zomwe ndimawadzudzula zinali asayansi, aphunzitsi, madokotala, omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe, maloya, atolankhani ndi anthu wamba,” adatero wolemba imelo. “Ndimasangalala kwambiri munthu akamazunzidwa chifukwa cha chidzudzulo changa: kuchotsedwa ntchito, kulipiritsidwa chindapusa, ndi zina zotero.”
Kutsekera munthu m’ndende “kungandisangalatse kwambiri,” iye analemba motero, ndipo anawonjezera kuti: “Ndimaonanso kukhala kopambana munthu akachoka ku Russia pambuyo pa chidzudzulo changa.”
Arkhipova adati Korobkova adachita khama kwambiri polemba mayankho angapo ku mafunso ake, ndipo adawona cholinga chake ndikuletsa akatswiri kuti asalankhule ndi atolankhani odziyimira pawokha zankhondo. “Mutha kupeza munthu wamtunduwu kulikonse,” adatero Arkhipov. ” Amaona ngati kuti ndi amene amayang’anira malire a makhalidwe abwino. Amaona ngati akuchita zoyenera. Akuthandiza Putin, akuthandiza boma lawo. “
Mphunzitsi wa dera la Moscow, Tatyana Chervenko, yemwe ali ndi ana awiri, adatsutsidwanso chilimwe chatha ndi Korobkova atatsutsa nkhondoyi pokambirana ndi nyuzipepala ya ku Germany yotchedwa Deutsche Welle.
“Chidzudzulocho chinati ndikuchita nawo zokopa m’kalasi. Anafotokoza mfundo zake. Sakundidziwa. Adafotokoza zonse, “adatero Chervenko.
Poyamba, oyang’anira sukulu anakana lipotilo. Koma Korobkova adalemba lipoti lachiwiri kwa Commissioner wa Putin wa Ufulu wa Ana, Maria Lvova-Belova, yemwe adatsutsidwa ndi International Criminal Court, pamodzi ndi Putin, chifukwa cha kulanda ana a ku Ukraine.
Pambuyo pake, utsogoleri wa sukuluyo unatumiza aphunzitsi ndi oyang’anira kuti akayang’anire makalasi ake, makamaka “Kukambitsirana zinthu zofunika.” Anaitana apolisi kusukulu. Makolo apafupi ndi oyang’anira sukulu adalemba madandaulo opempha kuti amuchotse ntchito. Pofika pomwe adachotsedwa ntchito mu Disembala, Chervenko adati, adangopumula. Sanayese n’komwe kupeza ntchito ina.
Iye sanagwirizane ndi Korobkova. “Sindikufuna kudyetsa ziwanda zimenezo. Ndimaona kuti ananyadira kwambiri moti anandichotsa ntchito. Chimenecho chinali cholinga chake,” adatero. “Koma chomwe chinandipangitsa ine ndi kuyankha kwa aboma. Ndipotu iye ndi ndani? Palibe amene akudziwa yemwe iye ali. Ndipo adalemba lipoti londitsutsa ndipo adayankha ndikundichotsa ntchito. “
Monga momwe zinalili m’nthawi ya Soviet Union, zidzudzulo zina zimaoneka ngati zikubisa udani kapena zolinga zakuthupi. Katswiri wodziwika bwino wa ndale ku Russia, Ekaterina Schulmann, yemwe ali ndi otsatira YouTube opitilira miliyoni miliyoni, omwe tsopano amakhala ku Berlin, adadzudzulidwa mwankhanza ndi anansi ake mu lipoti lopita kwa meya wa Moscow atachoka mdzikolo mu Epulo chaka chatha ndipo adanenedwa kuti ndi “wachilendo. agent.”
Adatcha Schulmann ndi banja lake kuti ndi “zigawenga” zanthawi yayitali, “zochita zofuna za omwe akuwathandiza ku Western, omwe cholinga chawo ndikugawanitsa anthu.” Koma mtima wa dandaulo unalidi mkangano wa katundu wazaka 15.
“Izi sizotsutsa ndale, koma nkhondo yakale yachuma yomwe anthu akuyesera kulanda nthawi yomwe akuwona, mpaka pano popanda kupambana kwakukulu,” adatero Schulmann.
Pali malipoti ambiri m’masukulu – aphunzitsi omwe amapereka malipoti a ana, ana akupereka malipoti kwa aphunzitsi, owongolera omwe amawuza ana kapena aphunzitsi – akusokoneza ntchito yophunzitsa ndikufesa magawano, mantha ndi kusakhulupirirana m’zipinda za ogwira ntchito kusukulu, atero a Daniil Ken, wamkulu wa Alliance of Teachers, a. gulu laling’ono lodziyimira pawokha la aphunzitsi, omwe adachoka ku Russia chifukwa cha nkhondo.
Ken anati: “N’zovuta kwambiri kukhalira limodzi chifukwa mofanana ndi anthu a m’gulu lililonse, aliyense pasukulu amadziwa zimene ena amaganiza.
Boma limagwiritsa ntchito snitches komanso kumangidwa kwachisawawa kumakhala zida zamphamvu zowongolera anthu, adatero Arkhipov.
“Mutha kumangidwa nthawi iliyonse, koma simudziwa ngati mumangidwa kapena ayi. Amayang’ana aphunzitsi angapo m’malo angapo, kungouza mphunzitsi aliyense kuti, ‘Khalani chete,’ adatero. “Ndipo cholinga chake ndikupangitsa aliyense kuchita mantha.”
Natalia Abbakumova wa ku Riga, Latvia, anathandizira pa nkhaniyi